Tools and Resources

Ethics Additional Resources

The following is a selected bibliography of resources for organizational ethical decision making. The bibliography is separated into the following sections. Click on one of the links to expand that section.

  • American College of Physicians. 1998. “Ethics Manual, 4th ed.” Annals of Internal Medicine 128 (7): 576-594.
  • American Hospital Association. 1994. Values in Conflict: Ethical Issues in Health Care, 2nd ed. Chicago: American Hospital Association.
  • Barnett, K. and M. Pittman. 2001. “Doing Good and Doing Well.” Healthcare Forum Journal 44 (3): 12-19.
  • Brotherton, S., Kao, A., & Crigger, B. J. 2016. Professing the Values of Medicine: The Modernized AMA Code of Medical Ethics. JAMA, 316(10), 1041-1042.
  • Catholic Health Association. 1991. Corporate Ethics in Healthcare. St. Louis, MO: CHA
  • Chaiken, M., R.D. Porter, and I.C. Schick. 2001. “Core Competencies in Ethics.” Journal of Health Administration Education Special Issue: 149-157.
  • Darr, K. 1997. Ethics in Health Services Management, 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD: Health Professions Press.
  • deGeorge, R. 1995. Business Ethics, 4th ed. New York: Macmillan.
  • Devettere, R. 2000. Practical Decision Making in Health Care Ethics: Cases and Concepts, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Freeman, R. (editor). 1991. Business Ethics: The State of the Art. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Friedman, E. (editor). 1992. Choices and Conflict: Explorations in Health Care Ethics. Chicago: American Hospital Association.
  • ——. 1996. The Right Thing: Ten Years of Ethics Columns from the Healthcare Forum Journal. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
  • Grafius, L. 1995. Ethics for Everyone: A Practical Guide to Interdisciplinary Biomedical Ethics Education. Chicago: American Hospital Publishing Inc.
  • Griffith, J. 1993. The Moral Challenges of Health Care Management. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Hall, R.T. 2000. An Introduction to Healthcare Organizational Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Hiller, M. 1986. Ethics and Health Administration: Ethical Decision Making in Health Management. Arlington, TX: Association of University Programs in Health Administration.
  • Hofmann, P. and W.A. Nelson, editors. 2001. Managing Ethically: An Executive’s Guide. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Kuczewski, M., and R. Pinkus. 1999. An Ethics Casebook for Hospitals: Practical Approaches to Everyday Cases. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • Macklin, R. 1987. Mortal Choices: Ethical Dilemmas in Modern Medicine. Boston: Howard Mifflin Company.
  • Paine, L. 1994. “Managing for Organizational Integrity.” Harvard Business Review 72 (2): 106-118.
  • Perry, F. 2001. The Tracks We Leave: Ethics in Healthcare Management. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Rachels, J. 1982. “Can Ethics Provide Answers?” Hastings Center Report 12 (3): 32-40.
  • Reiser, S. 1994. “The Ethical Life of Health Care Organizations.” Hastings Center Report 24 (6): 28-35.
  • Roberts, L., and A. Dyer (ed.). 2004. Ethics in Mental Health. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
  • Rorty, M. V., Werhane P. H., and A.E. Mills. 2004. “The Rashomon Effect: Organization Ethics in Health Care.” HEC Forum 16 (2): 75-94.
  • Spencer, E., A. Mills, M. Rorty, and P. Werhane. 2000. Organization Ethics in Health Care. New York: Oxford Press.
  • Stark, A. 1993. “What’s the Matter with Business Ethics?” Harvard Business Review 71 (3): 38-48.
  • Tamborini-Martin, S., and K. Hanley. 1989. “The Importance of Being Ethical.” Health Progress 70 (5): 24-27, 82.
  • Warnock, G. 1993. “The Object of Morality.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2 (3): 255-258.
  • Werhane, P. 1990. “The Ethics of Health Care as a Business.” Business & Professional Ethics Journal 9 (3 & 4): 7-20.
  • Woodstock Theological Center. 1995. Ethical Considerations in the Business Aspects of Health Care. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
  • Worthley, J. A. 1997. The Ethics of the Ordinary in Healthcare: Concepts and Cases. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Asch, D., and P. Ubel. 1997. “Rationing by Any Other Name.” New England Journal of Medicine 336 (23): 1668- 1671.
  • Boyle, P., and E. Moskowitz. 1996. “Making Tough Resource Decisions.” Health Progress 77 (6): 48-53.
  • Callahan, D. 2000. “Rationing, Equity, and Affordable Care.” Health Progress 81 (4): 38-41.
  • Cochran, C., J. Kupersmith, and T. McGovern. 2000. “Justice, Allocation, and Managed Care.” Health Progress 81 (4): 34-37, 41.
  • Daniels, N. 1986. “Why Saying No to Patients in the United States Is So Hard.” New England Journal of Medicine 314 (21): 1380-83.
  • Grumbach, K., and T. Bodenheimer. 1994. “Painful vs. Painless Cost Control.” Journal of the American Medical Association 272 (18): 1458-1464.
  • Powers, M., and R. Faden. 2000. “Inequalities in Healthcare: Four Generations of Discussion About Justice and Cost- Effectiveness Analysis.” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 10 (2): 109-127.
  • Ubel, P., and S. Goold. 1997. “Recognizing Bedside Rationing: Clear Cases and Tough Calls.” Annals of Internal Medicine 125 (1): 74-80.
  • Agich, G., and H. Foster. 2000. “Conflicts of Interest and Management in Managed Care.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9 (2): 189-204.
  • Buchanan, A. 1998. “Managed Care: Rationing Without Justice, But Not Unjustly.” Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law 23 (4): 617-634.
  • Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. 1995. “Ethical Issues in Managed Care.” Journal of the American Medical Association 273 (4): 330-335.
  • Emanuel, E. 2000. “Justice and Managed Care: Four Principles for the Just Allocation of Health Care Resources.” Hastings Center Report 30 (3): 8-16.
  • Friedman, L., and G. Savage. 1998. “Can Ethical Management and Managed Care Coexist?” Health Care Management Review 23 (2): 56-62.
  • Gervais, K., R. Priester, D. Vawter, K. Otte and M. Solberg. 1999. Ethical Challenges in Managed Care: A Casebook. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
  • Greene, J. 1997. “Has Managed Care Lost Its Soul?” Hospitals & Health Networks 71 (10): 36-42.
  • Higgins, W. 2000. “Ethical Guidance in the Era of Managed Care: An Analysis of the American College of Healthcare Executives’ Code of Ethics.” Journal of Healthcare Management 45 (1): 32-34.
  • Jacobson, P., and M. Cahill. 2000. “Applying Fiduciary Responsibilities in the Managed Care Context.” American Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 26 (2 & 3): 155-173.
  • Khushf, G. 1999. “The Case for Managed Care.” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 24 (5): 415-550.
  • Morreim, E. 1995. Balancing Act: The New Medical Ethics of Medicine’s New Economics. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
  • ——. 1999. “Assessing Quality of Care: New Twists from Managed Care.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (2): 88- 99.
  • Paris, J., and S. Post. 2000. “Managed Care, Cost Control, and the Common Good.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9 (2): 182-188.
  • Pellegrino, E. 1997. “Managed Care at the Bedside: How Do We Look in the Moral Mirror?” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 7 (4): 321-330.
  • Perkel, R. 1996. “Ethics and Managed Care.” Medical Clinics of North America 80 (2): 263-278.
  • Randel, L., S.D. Pearson, J.E. Sabin, T. Hyams, and E.J. Emanuel. 2001. “How Managed Care Can Be Ethical.” Health Affairs 20 (4): 43-56.
  • Veatch, R. 1997. “Who Should Manage Care?” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 7 (4): 391-401
  • Veatch, R., and C. Spicer. 1997. “Ethical Challenges in Managed Care.” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 7 (4).
  • Asch, D., and P. Ubel. 1997. “Rationing by Any Other Name.” New England Journal of Medicine 336 (23): 1668- 1671.
  • Bosco, J., Iorio, R., Barber, T., Barron, C., & Caplan, A. 2016. Ethics of the Physician's Role in Health-Care Cost Control. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 98(14), e58.
  • Boyle, P., and E. Moskowitz. 1996. “Making Tough Resource Decisions.” Health Progress 77 (6): 48-53.
  • Callahan, D. 2000. “Rationing, Equity, and Affordable Care.” Health Progress 81 (4): 38-41.
  • Cochran, C., J. Kupersmith, and T. McGovern. 2000. “Justice, Allocation, and Managed Care.” Health Progress 81 (4): 34-37, 41.
  • Daniels, N. 1986. “Why Saying No to Patients in the United States Is So Hard.” New England Journal of Medicine 314 (21): 1380-83.
  • Grumbach, K., and T. Bodenheimer. 1994. “Painful vs. Painless Cost Control.” Journal of the American Medical Association 272 (18): 1458-1464.
  • Powers, M., and R. Faden. 2000. “Inequalities in Healthcare: Four Generations of Discussion About Justice and Cost- Effectiveness Analysis.” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 10 (2): 109-127.
  • Rutstein, S. E., Price, J. T., Rosenberg, N. E., Rennie, S. M., Biddle, A. K., & Miller, W. C. 2016. Hidden costs: The ethics of cost-effectiveness analyses for health interventions in resource-limited settings. Global public health, 1-13.
  • Ubel, P., and S. Goold. 1997. “Recognizing Bedside Rationing: Clear Cases and Tough Calls.” Annals of Internal Medicine 125 (1): 74-80.
  • Badaracco, J., and R. Ellsworth. 1989. Leadership and the Quest for Integrity. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Collins, J. 2001. “Level 5 Leadership: The Triumph of Humility and Fierce Resolve.” Harvard Business Review 79 (1): 66-76.
  • Dye, C. F. 2000. Leadership in Healthcare: Values at the Top. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Fenner, K., and M. Basford. 1999. “How Can Leaders Ensure Organizational Integrity?” Trustee 52 (3): 26-27.
  • Friedman, E. 2001. “The Butler Did It.” Healthcare Forum Journal 44 (4): 5-7.
  • Jennings, B., B.H. Gray, V.A. Sharpe, L. Weiss, and A.R. Fleischman. 2002. “Ethics and Trusteeship for Health Care: Hospital Board Service in Turbulent Times.” Hastings Center Report Special Supplement 32 (4): S1-S28.
  • Lombardi, D. N. 1997. Reorganization and Renewal: Strategies for Healthcare Leaders. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Messick, D. and M. Bazerman. 1996. “Ethical Leadership and the Psychology of Decision Making.” Sloan Management Review 37 (2): 9-22.
  • Ritvo, R.A., J.D. Ohlsen, and T. P. Holland. 2004. Ethical Governance in Health Care, Chicago, American Hospital Association.
  • Sanders, L. 2003. “The Ethics Imperative.” Modern Healthcare 33 (10): 46.
  • Taylor, C. 2001. “The Buck Stops Here.” Health Progress 82 (5): 37-47.
  • Wieck, K. and K. Sutcliffe. 2001. Managing the Unexpected: Assuring High Performance in an Age of Complexity. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Berger, J., and F. Rosener. 1996. “The Ethics of Practice Guidelines.” Archives of Internal Medicine 156 (18): 2051-2056.
  • Cook, A. F., H. Hoas, and K. Guttmannova. 2002. “Ethical Issues Faced by Rural Physicians.” South Dakota Journal of Medicine 55 (6): 221-4.
  • Dubler, N., and C. Liebman. 2004. Bioethics Mediation: A Guide to Shaping Shared Solutions. New York: United Hospital Fund of New York.
  • Glover, J. J. 2001. “Rural Bioethical Issues of the Elderly: How Do They Differ From Urban Ones?” Journal of Rural Health 17(4): 332-335.
  • Hilfiker, D. 1984. “Facing Our Mistakes.” New England Journal of Medicine 310: 118-122.
  • Hofmann, P. 2001. “Navigating Differences in Patient Values and Preferences.” Healthcare Executive 16 (2) 58-59.
  • Howe, E. 1999. “Organizational Ethics’ Greatest Challenges.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (4): 263-270.
  • ——. 2000. “Leaving Luputa: What Doctors Aren’t Taught About Informed Consent.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 11 (1): 3-13.
  • Institute of Medicine. 1999. To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, D.C.: Institute of Medicine and National Academy Press.
  • Levinsky, N. 1996. “Social, Institutional, and Economic Barriers to the Exercise of Patients’ Rights.” New England Journal of Medicine 334 (8): 532-534.
  • Lo, B. 2000. Resolving Ethical Dilemmas: A Guide for Clinicians. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Martone, M. 2002. “Decisionmaking Issues in the Rehabilitation Process.” Hastings Center Report 31 (2): 36- 41.
  • Mazur, D. 2001. Shared Decision Making in the Patient-Physician Relationship. Tampa, FL: American College of Physician Executives.
  • O’Toole, B. 1998. “Four Ways People Approach Ethics.” Health Progress 79 (6): 38-41, 43.
  • Rhodes, R. 1998 “Futility and the Goals of Medicine.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 9 (2): 194-205.
  • Roberts, L. W., J. Battaglia, and R. S. Epstein. 1999. “Frontier Ethics: Mental Health Care Needs and Ethical Dilemmas in Rural Communities.” Psychiatric Services 50 (4):497-503.
  • Roberts, L. W., J. Battaglia, M. Smithpeter, and R. S. Epstein. 1999. “An Office on Main Street: Health Care Dilemmas in Small Communities.” Hastings Center Report 29 (4):28-37.
  • Rubin, S. B. and L. Zoloth, editors. 2000. Margin of Error: The Ethics of Mistakes in the Practice of Medicine. Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing.
  • Sharpe, V. A., 2003. “Promoting Patient Safety: An Ethical Basis for Policy Deliberation.” Hastings Center Report Special Supplement 33 (5): S1-S20.
  • Smith, M., and H. Forster. 2000. “Morally Managing Medical Mistakes.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9 (1): 38-53.
  • Solovy, A. 1999. “The Price of Dignity.” Hospitals & Health Networks 73 (3): 30.
  • Woolf, S. 1999. “The Need for Perspective in Evidence-Based Medicine.” Journal of the American Medical Association 282 (24): 2358-2365.
  • Batts, C.F. 1998. “Making Ethics an Organizational Priority.” Healthcare Forum Journal 41 (1): 38-42.
  • Blake, D. 1999. “Organizational Ethics: Creating Structural and Cultural Change in Healthcare Organizations.” The Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (3): 187-193.
  • Blustein, J., L. Post, and N. Dubler. 2002. Ethics for Health Care Organizations: Theory, Case Studies, and Tools. New York: United Hospital Fund of New York.
  • Boyle. P., E. DuBose, S. Ellingson, D. Guinn and D. McCurdy. 2001. Organizational Ethics in Health Care: Principles, Cases, and Practical Solutions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Brett, A., J. Raymond, D. Saunders, and G. Khushf. 1998. “An Ethics Discussion Series for Hospital Administrators.”Healthcare Ethics Committee Forum 10 (20).
  • Cassidy, J. 1998. “Calvary Hospital Focuses on Ethics.” Health Progress 79 (6): 48-50, 52.
  • Chervenak, F., and L. McCullough. 2003. “Physicians and Hospital Managers as Cofiduciaries of Patients: Rhetoric or Reality? ” Journal of Healthcare Management 48 (3): 172-179.
  • Cook, A. F., and H. Hoas. 2000. “Where the Rubber Hits the Road: Implications for Organizational and Clinical Ethics in Rural Healthcare Settings.” HEC Forum 12 (4): 331-40.
  • _____. 2001. “Voices From the Margins: a Context for Developing Bioethics-Related Resources in Rural Areas.” W12, Fall.
  • _____. 2000. “Bioethics Activities in Rural Hospitals.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9 (2): 230- 238.
  • Dwyer, J. 2002. “Babel, Justice, and Democracy: Reflections on a Shortage of Interpreters at a Public Hospital.” Hastings Center Report 31 (2): 31-36.
  • Ehlen, K., and G. Sprenger. 1998. “Ethics and Decision Making in Healthcare.” Journal of Healthcare Management 43 (3): 219-221.
  • Emanuel, L. 2000. “Ethics and the Structures of Healthcare.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9 (2): 151-168.
  • Freed, D. 1992. “The Long Distance Administrator.” Health Management Quarterly 14 (4): 17-20.
  • French, P. 1979. “The Corporation as a Moral Person.” American Philosophical Quarterly 3: 207-215.
  • Giblin, M., and M. Meaney. 1998. “Corporate Compliance Is Not Enough.” Health Progress 79 (5): 30-31.
  • Goodstein, J., and B. Carney. 1999. “Actively Engaging Organizational Ethics in Healthcare: Four Essential Elements.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (3): 224-229.
  • Goodstein, J., and R. L. Potter. 1999. “Beyond Financial Incentives: Organizational Ethics and Organizational Integrity.” Healthcare Ethics Committee Forum 11 (4): 288-292.
  • Hall, R. 1999. “Confidentiality as an Organizational Ethics Issue.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (3): 230- 236.
  • Heller, J. 1999. “Framing Healthcare Compliance in Ethical Terms: A Taxonomy of Moral Choices.” Healthcare Ethics Committee Forum 11 (4): 345-357.
  • Hofmann, P. 1996. “Achieving Ethical Behavior in Healthcare: Rhetoric Still Reigns Over Reality.” Frontiers of Health Service Management 13 (2): 37-39.
  • ——. 1996. “Hospital Mergers and Acquisitions: A New Catalyst for Examining Organizational Ethics.” Bioethics Forum 13 (2): 45-48.
  • ——. 1998. “Ethics and the CEO (case commentary).” Hospitals & Health Networks 72 (2): 32, 34.
  • ____. 2002. “Morally Managing Executive Mistakes.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 18 (3): 3-27.
  • ____. 2003. “Revealing Inconvenient Truths.” Healthcare Executive 18 (5): 56-57.
  • ____. 2004. “Why Good People Behave Badly.” Healthcare Executive, 19 (2): 40-41.
  • ____ and F. Perry, editors. 2005. Management Mistakes in Healthcare: Identification, Correction, and Prevention. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Johnson, K. M. and K. Roebuck-Colgan. 1999. “Organizational Ethics and Sentinel Events: Doing the Right Thing When the Worst Thing Happens.” The Journal of Clinical Ethics 10: (3) 237-241.
  • Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. 1998. “Ethical Issues and Patient Rights Across the Continuum of Care.” Oakbrook Terrace, IL: JCAHO.
  • Kalb, P. 1999. “Health Care Fraud and Abuse.” Journal of the American Medical Association 282 (12): 1163- 1168.
  • Labb, D. 1999. “Defining Appropriate Care: A Matter of Perspective.” Healthcare Executive 14 (5): 12-16.
  • Larson, L. 1999. “The Right Thing to Do.” Trustee 52 (9): 8-12.
  • Levey, S., and J. Hill. 1986. “Between Survival and Social Responsibility: In Search of an Ethical Balance.” Journal of Health Administration Education 4 (2): 225-231.
  • Midgley, M. 1993. “Must Good Causes Compete? Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2 (2): 131-139.
  • Mills, A. 2002. “The Healthcare Organization: New Efficiency Endeavors and the Organization Ethics Program.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 13 (1): 29-39.
  • Nash, L. 1990. Good Intentions Aside: A Manager’s Guide to Resolving Ethical Problems. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Nelson, W. A., and A. S. Pomerantz. 1992. “Ethics Issues in Rural Health Care.” Trustee 45(8): 14-5.
  • Nelson, W. 2004. “Addressing Rural Ethics Issues.” Healthcare Executive 19 (4): 36-37.
  • Olson, R. 1999. “The Postmodern Prescription: An Antidote to Hard Boundaries and Closed Systems in Healthcare Organizations.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (3): 178-186.
  • Ozar, D., J. Berg, P. H. Werhane, and L. Emanuel. 2001. “Organizational Ethics in Health Care: Toward a Model for Ethical Decision Making by Provider Organizations.” Institute for Ethics National Working Group Report. American Medical Association.
  • Relman, A. 1994. “Physicians and Business Managers: A Clash of Cultures.” Health Management Quarterly XVI (3): 11-14.
  • Ritvo, R., J. Ohlsen, and T. Holland. 2004. Ethical Governance in Health Care. Chicago: American Hospital Association.
  • Rovner, J. 1998. “Organizational Ethics: It’s Your Move.” Health System Leader 5 (1): 4-12.
  • Rudnick, J. D., Jr. 1995. “Hospital Layoffs: One Facility’s Experience with a Work Force Reduction.” Health Progress (September-October).
  • Schyve, P. 1996. “Patient Rights and Organization Ethics: The Joint Commission Perspective.” Bioethics Forum 12 (2): 13-20.
  • Seely, C., and S. Goldberger. 1999. “Integrated Ethics: Synecdoche in Healthcare.” Journal of Clinical Ethics 10 (3): 202-209.
  • Spencer, E., and A. Mills. 1999. “Ethics in Healthcare Organizations.” Healthcare Ethics Committee Forum 11 (4): 345-357.
  • Spencer, E. M., A .E. Mills, M.V. Rorty and P. H. Werhane 2000. Organization Ethics in Health Care. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Taylor, M. 2003. “Getting in Step with Integrity Pacts.” Modern Healthcare 33 (47): S12.
  • Walshe, K. and S. Shortell. 2004. “When Things Go Wrong: How Health Care Organizations Deal With Major Failures.” Health Affairs 23 (3): 103-111.
  • Weaver, G.R. and L.K. Trevino. 1999. “Compliance and Values Oriented Ethics Programs: Influences on Employees’ Attitudes and Behavior.” Business Ethics Quarterly 9: 315-335.
  • Weber, L. 1997. “Taking on Organizational Ethics.” Health Progress 78 (3): 20.
  • ____. 2001. Business Ethics in Healthcare: Beyond Compliance. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.
  • Werhane, P. 2000. “Ethics, Stakeholder Theory, and the Ethics of Healthcare Organizations.” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 9 (2): 169-181.
  • Worthley, J. A. 1999. Organization Ethics in the Compliance Context: A Healthcare Management Challenge. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Arbuckle, G. 1999. “Mission and Business: Resolving the Tension.” Health Progress 80 (5): 22-24, 28.
  • Bianco, D. 1998. “Considering Conversion?” Trustee 51 (10): 16-20.
  • Brien, A. 1996. “Regulating Virtue: Formulating, Engendering and Enforcing Corporate Ethics Codes.” Business and Professional Ethics Journal 15 (1): 21-52.
  • Carlson, G. 1998. “Mission Possible.” Healthcare Executive 13 (2): 52-53.
  • Rocky Mountain Center for Healthcare Ethics. 1998. Colorado Code of Ethics for Healthcare. Denver, CO: Rocky Mountain Center for Healthcare Ethics.
  • Tavistock Group. 1999. “A Shared Statement of Ethical Principles for Those Who Shape and Give Health Care.” Annals of Internal Medicine 130 (2): 144-147.
  • Tuohey, J. 1998. “Covenant Model of Corporate Compliance.” Health Progress 79 (4): 70-75.
  • Weil, P. and R. Harmata. 2002. “Rekindling the Flame: Routine Practices That Promote Hospital Community Leadership.” Journal of Healthcare Management 47 (2): 98-109.
  • Bioethics Forum
    Midwest Bioethics Center
    1021-1025 Jefferson St.
    Kansas City, MO 64105
  • Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Cambridge University Press
    40 W. 20th St.
    New York, NY 10011-4211
  • Hastings Center Report
    The Hastings Center
    255 Elm Rd.
    Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510
  • HEC Forum
    Kluwer Academic Publishers
    101 Philip Dr.
    Norwell, MA 02061
  • Journal of Business Ethics
    Kluwer Academic Publishers
    101 Philip Dr.
    Norwell, MA 02061
  • Journal of Clinical Ethics
    University Publishing Group
    12 S. Market St., Suite 300
    Frederick, MD 21701
  • Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics
    American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics
    765 Commonwealth Ave.
    Boston, MA 02215
  • Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal
    Johns Hopkins University Press
    2715 N. Charles St.
    Baltimore, MD 21218-4319
  • Andereck, W. S., J. W. McGaughey, and A. R. Jonsen. 2012. “The Clinical Ethics Consultant: Verifying the Qualifications of a New Type of Practitioner in a Community Hospital.” [Includes Practitioner Application.] Journal of Healthcare Management 57 (4): 264–75.
  • Filerman, G. L., A. E. Mills, and P. M. Schyve (eds.). 2014. Managerial Ethics in Healthcare: A New Perspective. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Nelson, W. A., and P. B. Nelson (eds.). 2010. Managing Healthcare Ethically: An Executive’s Guide, 2nd ed. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • O’Connor, S. J. 2012. “Interview with Alyson Pitman Giles, FACHE, Immediate Past President and Chief Executive Officer of CMC Healthcare System and Catholic Medical Center.” Journal of Healthcare Management 57 (4): 228–33.
  • Perry, F. 2014. The Tracks We Leave: Ethics & Management Dilemmas in Healthcare, 2nd ed. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Rice, J. A., and F. Perry. 2013. Healthcare Leadership Excellence: Creating a Career of Impact. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
  • Various. 2013. “The Moral Compass for Healthcare Leaders: Building an Ethical Culture.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1), 48 pages. [See below for individual citations.]
  • Brinkley, R. W. 2013. “The Case for Values as a Basis for Organizational Culture.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 3–13.
  • Donnellan, J. J., Jr. 2013. “A Moral Compass for Management Decision Making: A Healthcare CEO’s Reflections.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 14–26.
  • Edmonson, C. 2013. “Wanted: Morally Courageous Leaders.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 33–38.
  • Levitt-Rosenthal, N. 2013. “Ethics, Values, and Decision Making.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 27–32.
  • Nelson, W. A. 2013. “The Imperative of a Moral Compass–Driven Healthcare Organization.” Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 39–45.
  • Schulte, M. F. 2013. Editorial. Frontiers of Health Services Management 30 (1): 1–2.

September/October 2024
Innovation in Healthcare
Ensuring equity and responsibility is vital.
Jason Lesandrini, FACHE

July/August 2024
Transparency and Trust
Both are necessary for effective, ethical information sharing.
Susan A. Reeves, EdD, RN

May/June 2024
Prioritizing Patient Benefits Over Hospital Income
How safety and quality leaders can benefit.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

March/April 2024
Linking Ethics Resources to Patient Safety
How safety and quality leaders can benefit.
Jason Lesandrini, FACHE

January/February 2024
Safeguarding Our Workforce
Executives have a duty to mitigate threats to staff members’ well-being.
Susan A. Reeves, EdD, RN

November/December 2023
Ethical Leadership: Doing What It Takes
Being an ethical leader means more than having specific character traits.
Jason Lesandrini, FACHE

September/October 2023
A Learning Healthcare Systems Approach
Address recurring ethical issues to decrease them.
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE, and Susan A. Reeves, EdD, RN

July/August 2023
The Benefits of Better Communication
Improved interactions reduce burnout and adverse events.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

May/June 2023
Ethics Committee Competencies
High-performing committees depend on thoughtful member selection.
Susan A. Reeves, EdD, RN, and William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE

March/April 2023
Reducing Medical Debt Bankruptcies
Minimizing them is an ethical necessity.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

January/February 2023
Transitioning From Committees to Programs
This model provides more benefits to patients, staff and communities.
Jason Lesandrini, FACHE

November/December 2022
Building Capacity for Organizational Ethics
A strategic imperative exists to bolster the resources leaders need.
Susan A. Reeves, EdD, RN

September/October 2022
The Ethics of AI and Machine Learning
Leaders should consider these core ethical questions.
Jason Lesandrini, FACHE

July/August 2022
Promoting the Joy of Mentoring
Proper mentoring can be mutually rewarding and enjoyable.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

May/June 2022
Time for an Ethical Check-In
Reengaging with constituents is a good place to start.
David L. Schreiner, PhD, FACHE

March/April 2022
4 Domains for Professionalism
Fostering it at the individual and organizational levels is key.
Julie L. Agris, PhD, JD, FACHE
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE

January/February 2022
Implementing Crisis Standards of Care
Executives should promote their ethical application.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

November/December 2021
Employee Reporting of Safety Concerns
Leadership should encourage staff to report issues.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

September/October 2021
Why Unpaid Caregivers Matter
Hospitals should devote increasing attention to their role.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

July/August 2021
In It for the Long Haul” 
Ethically addressing COVID-19-related increased lengths of stay.
Mary E. Homan, DrPH

July/August 2021
“Ethical Leadership in Changing Times”
The rapid onset, scale and disparate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has tested healthcare leaders in new ways.
Deborah J. Bowen, FACHE, CAE

May/June 2021
Recruiting Retired Clinicians” 
Don’t underestimate ethical and operational challenges.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE
Douglas Van Houten, RN

March/April 2021
“Addressing Questionable Donations”
Guidelines for avoiding potential controversies are needed.
William Nelson, PhD, HFACHE, and Lauren A. Taylor, PhD

January/February 2021
“Addressing Disparities in Healthcare”
Today’s circumstances call for a review of ethical behavior standards.
John J. Donnellan Jr., FACHE

November/December 2020
“Ethics Consults Versus Legal Advice”
What to do when their interests diverge.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

September/October 2020
“Duty to Care”
Pandemic responses should focus on planning, guiding and safeguarding.
William Nelson, PhD, HFACHE, and Raina H. Jain

July/August 2020
“Empathy’s Role in Improving Resiliency”
Genuine compassion can help heal staff members and patients.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

May/June 2020
“Redefining Criticism”
Think differently to create cultures of psychological safety.
John J. Donnellan Jr., FACHE

March/April 2020
“Are Your Hospitalists Trained on the Issues?”
More attention needed to devote to ethical matters.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

January/February 2020
“Ethical Community Engagement: Lessons Learned”
Experiences from participatory research provide guidance for healthcare leaders.
Richard A. Culbertson, PhD

November/December 2019
“Ethical Considerations When Treating VIPs”
Moral conflicts can arise when high-profile patients seek treatment.
John J. Donnellan Jr., FACHE

September/October 2019
“Revisiting the Executive’s Role in Malpractice Cases”
Reducing the incidence of medical malpractice.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, LFACHE

July/August 2019
“Updated Ethics Self-Assessment Addresses Current Issues”
Revisions to the tool strengthen healthcare leaders and their organizations.
Sinde A. Hahn, FACHE, CAE

May/June 2019
“The Plight of the Incapacitated, Unrepresented Patient”
Establishing strategies for locating family and friends.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, FACHE

March/April 2019
“Recording Devices Serve as Aid to Patients”
They are tools to enhance understanding and empowerment.
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE

January/February 2019
“The Ethical Foundation for Environmental Responsibility”
Healthcare leaders may need more space to outline accomplishments.
John J. Donnellan Jr., FACHE, Cassandra Thiel, PhD

November/December 2018
“The Impending Physician Shortage”
Policy solutions should allow the U.S. to achieve adequate supply.
Richard A. Culbertson, PhD

September/October 2018
“Obligations to the Community”
ACHE’s Code of Ethics serves as a foundation.
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE, Lauren A. Taylor

July/August 2018
“The Debate Over Aid-in-Dying Laws”
Valid perspectives of opponents and advocates should be understood and respected.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, FACHE

May/June 2018
Ethics of Mission and Margin Revisited” (PDF)
Bringing the issue into public debate, rather than withholding the unpleasant realities.
Richard A. Culbertson, PhD

March/April 2018
Achieve Organizational Integrity” (PDF)
Aligning ethical principles with healthcare leadership.
John Donnellan, FACHE

January/February 2018
The Ethics of Efficiency” (PDF)
Are these complementary or competing values for the healthcare executive?
Richard A. Culbertson, PhD

November/December 2017
The New Age of Patient Transparency” (PDF)
Including organizational ethics in the informed consent process.
Kenneth L. Campbell, DBE, Kayhan Parsi, JD, PhD

September/October 2017
Asking the Right Questions” (PDF)
By answering unexpected questions, candidates disclose unanticipated insights.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, FACHE

July/August 2017
Trauma Care: Economic Versus Social Justice” (PDF)
Philosophies may differ between a market approach to equity and a social approach.
Richard A. Culbertson, PhD

May/June 2017
Patient’s Plea—Look Closer, See Me” (PDF)
Viewing patients as unique individuals affects attitudes and behavior.
Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, FACHE

March/April 2017
Discrimination and Patient-Centered Care” (PDF)
Organizational best-practice guidelines can provide ethical and legal guidance.
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE, Andrew Huang

January/February 2017
Rethinking the Traditional Ethics Committee” (PDF)
This resource should address both clinical and organizational issues.
William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE


This list of resources is an updated version of an Ethics Bibliography originally prepared by:

Paul B. Hofmann, DrPH, FACHE
Provenance Health System
Moraga, Calif.

William A. Nelson, PhD, HFACHE
Associate professor
Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College
Hanover, N.H.

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